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Spacechem planets1/1/2024 ![]() Here, we delve into the search for extraterrestrial chemical and morphological biosignatures and examine several possible approaches to agnostic life detection using mass spectrometry. While our canonical knowledge of biosignatures is rooted in Terran-based examples, agnostic approaches in astrobiology can cast a wider net, to search for signs of life that may not be based on Terran-like biochemistry. Modern flight-capable mass spectrometers, in combination with various sample processing, separation, and ionization techniques enable sensitive detection of chemical biosignatures. ![]() An important impetus for the continuing exploration of Mars, Europa, Enceladus, Titan, and Venus involves assessing the habitability of solar system bodies and, ultimately, the search for life-a monumental effort that can be advanced by mass spectrometry. A variety of mass spectrometer types, including magnetic sector, quadrupole, time-of-flight, and ion trap, have and will continue to deepen our understanding of the formation and evolution of exploration targets like the surfaces and atmospheres of planets and their moons. 8Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canadaįor the past fifty years of space exploration, mass spectrometry has provided unique chemical and physical insights on the characteristics of other planetary bodies in the Solar System.7Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.6Department of Computer Science and Center for Advanced Research Computing, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.5Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, WA, United States.4Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, United States.3Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States.2Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States.1NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Solar System Exploration Division, Greenbelt, MD, United States.Kempes 4, Jeffrey Marlow 7, Barbara Sherwood Lollar 8, Heather Graham 1 and Sarah Stewart Johnson 2 Luoth Chou 1,2*, Paul Mahaffy 1, Melissa Trainer 1, Jennifer Eigenbrode 1, Ricardo Arevalo 3, William Brinckerhoff 1, Stephanie Getty 1, Natalie Grefenstette 4,5, Victoria Da Poian 1, G.
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